Cereals are high in carbohydrates and are also source of protein. They are staple food for more than half of world population. Most cereal are ground in flour .
Rice is staple food for large part of world population and is categorized into :- long grain , short grain and medium grain. When cooked the grains are separated and gives fluffy texture e.g basmati , American Carolina. Short grain rice is preferred by Chinese and Japanese . Arborio is short grain rice. Carolina is medium grain rice . Also there are brown rice and wild rice ,in brown rice bran is removed which offers additional nutrients but take longer time to cook . similarly , wild rice is water grass mainly used for stuffing poultry.
Oat have highest food value than any other cereals. It is used as breakfast cereal along with biscuit , cake soup.
Arrowroot is obtained from a root of West Indies plant called maranta . It is easily contaminated by strong smelling foods.
Tapioca is obtained from root of tropical plant cassava .
Wheat is ground to flour . There are white flour , whole meal flour and self raising flour . White flour contains 72-85 % whole grain and no bran, whole meal flour contains 100% whole whole grain and bran where self raising flour is white flour with addition of cream of tartar and bi carbonate of soda.
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