Hygiene | Personal hygiene | Food hygiene | kitchen hygiene

Hygiene is the science and practice of preserving health of people . It is study of health and prevention of disease to avoid any risk of food - borne illness 

Hygiene are divided down in three areas in the catering establishments.

1. Personal hygiene :- Related to person

2. Kitchen hygiene :- Related to kitchen

3. Food hygiene.      :- Related to food

PERSONAL HYGIENE :- 

it is study and practice of preventing illness or stopping it from spreading by keeping one self clean. It can be practise by :-

• Washing hand thoroughly before handling food and ingredients, after using toilet
• Baths at least twice a week  and use fresh clothes after bath
• Finger nails should be short and clean . Nail polish should not be worn.
• Hair should be washed ,trimmed properly and keep covered
• Mouth ,nose should not be touch with hands
• Jewellery , watches and rings should not be worn
• Cuts , burns should be covered 
• Never cough , sneeze in food.
• Clothes should be clean while working in kitchen
• Sick people should not handle food
• Cosmetic should not be worn
• Spitting and smoking should be avoided.

2. Food hygiene :-

It is related to food.  Food hygiene can be practiced by :- 

• Use Tong instead, spoon instead of food
• Use clean sanitized worktable
• Wash fruit and vegetables thoroughly
• When bringing food out bring a portion
• Use pasteurised milk
• Do not enter hot food directly into cooler
• Reheat food at 70 degree Celsius
• Refrigerator should be keep cleaned
• Never mix left overs with freshly prepared food
• Never store raw food and cooked food together
• Use only drinking water
• Never keep food in Temperature danger zone
• Use fresh ingredients.
• Keep food cover
• Prevent cross contamination.                                                                                                                                   3. KITCHEN HYGIENE :-

It is related to kitchen. Kitchen hygiene is provision of keeping kitchen area and equipments free from dust , germs , bacteria. If kitchen hygiene is not maintain contamination may ocour which can be fatal. Kitchen hygiene can be maintained by:-

• Printed paper should not be used to cover food .
• There must be proper ventilation and provision for fresh air circulation
• Good lightening is very essential.
• There should be provision of both hot and cold water
• Proper drainage system
• Wall should be clean ,free of dirts
• There should be non- slippery floor 
• Use different chopping board for different foods.
• Separate sink for dish wash ,hand wash  ,fruits and vegetables wash.

Hygiene should always be maintained properly and professionally in hospitality industry.  Any fatal incidents can results closure of property.